DARFUR ( SUDAN
) CRISIS
Darfur means “ the
land of fur”, it is the most deserted region in sudan
situated at the western part of sudan.
The crisis highly started in 2003 when the SPLM/A and JEM groups in suadan took
up arms accusing the sudanesse government of opposing black africanism in the
favour of arabs.
PARTS INVOLVED IN THE CONFLICT.
1.The Sudanese
government
- Official Sudanese military and police
- Janjaweed – an Arab militia group recruited only from the Abbala tribe of the northen sudan.
2.Rebels groups
- SPLM/A – Sudanese People Liberation Movement/ Army
- JEM – Justice and Equality Movement
They are recruited
primary from Non-Muslims Arab tribes.
ETHNICS IN DARFUR
·
Abbala
·
Fur
·
Zaghawa
·
Masalit
CAUSES OF
THE CONFLICT
- Regionalism, it is northerners who are white Arabs, most developed than southerners Non- Muslim
- Religionalism, it is estimated that 70% o the whole population of Sudan are Sunni-Muslims who undermine the Non-Muslims.
- Failure of the mediation of the conflict.
- Failure of the traditional system for the allocation of land and water resources
- Ethnicity , Fur have great influence with Abbala than Zaghawa and Masalit.
- Drastic ecological changes
- Civil wars in Southern sudan that resumed 1938.
- Power struggle between Mohamad Al – Bashir and Hassan Al –Turab faction of national Islamic Front (NIF) since 1999.
- Arab racism, highly influenced by Ghadafi military
- The alliance of the two rebels movements SPLA/M and JEM
- Scramble over oil resources.
·
Mass
displacement
·
Coercive
migration
·
Large
humanitarian crises
WAY FORWARD
- Deployment of peace keeping operations by AU, (AMIS), follwed by UNAMID then UNIMIS
- Reconciliations, Sudanese government and the JEM group signed a ceasefire agreement in February 2010.
CEASEFIRE, an
agreement between opposing groups in the conflict that they will stop fighting,
usually for a limited time during which they bwill try to reach more permanent
peace agreement.
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